     This tude was called the "Revolutionary tude"  because of its heroic and aggressive nature.  This particular study was designed to develop speed and endurance in the left hand of the pianist.  Notice the active and relentless motion in the bass.  The heroic nature comes from the strong chordal melody in the treble.  Following the opening chords the right hand continues with a powerful melody played in octaves. The ending arises from the single moment where the motion calms; there is a strong, ornate pattern descending the keyboard, concluding in the final loud chords.  

     Notice the interaction between the left and right hands.  Typical of Chopin's performance style, the right hand pulls against the rhythm of the left hand.  This feeling of freedom, rubato, is a critical element in Chopin's music.  The melody is set apart from the accompaniment through rubato, adding strength and tension to the melodic line.  This tude surpasses any image of being a mere exercise for a student.  It, like most of his others, has become a staple for virtuoso pianists.